Barista

Not to be confused with Barrister.

This article is about coffee-house employees. For the 2015 documentary film, see Barista (film). For the espresso bar chain, see Barista Lavazza.

Gwilym Davies, WBC champion 2009

A barista (/bəˈriːstə, -ˈrɪs-/ bə-REE-stə, bə-RIST-ə, Italian: [baˈrista]; lit. 'bartender') is a person, usually a coffeehouse employee, who prepares and serves espresso-based coffee drinks and other beverages.

Etymology and inflection

The word barista comes from Italian, where it means a male or female "bartender" who typically works behind a counter, serving hot drinks (such as espresso), cold alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, and snacks. The native plural in Italian is baristi for masculine (lit. 'barmen' or 'bartenders') or bariste for feminine (lit. 'barmaids'), while in English and Spanish is baristas.

Application of the title

Good espresso-making is essential to a barista's role. The term espresso comes from the Italian esprimere, which means 'to express', and refers to the process by which hot water is forced under pressure through ground coffee.

Latte art is a visible sign of a trained barista and well-frothed milk.

Baristas generally operate a commercial espresso machine, and their role is preparing and pulling the shot; the degree to which this is automated or done manually varies significantly, ranging from push-button operation to an involved manual process. Espresso is a notoriously finicky beverage, and good manual espresso-making is considered a skilled task. Further, the preparation of other beverages, particularly milk-based drinks such as cappuccinos and caffè lattes, but also non-espresso coffee such as drip or press pot, requires additional work and skill for effective frothing, pouring, and most often latte art.

The barista is usually trained to operate the machine and to prepare the coffee based on the guidelines of the roaster or shop owner, meanwhile, more experienced baristas may have the discretion to vary the preparation or experiment. Some steps to put details on making good coffee, include grinding the beans, extracting the coffee, frothing the milk, and pouring.

Beyond the preparation of espresso and other beverages and general customer service, skilled baristas acquire knowledge of the entire process of coffee to effectively prepare a desired cup of coffee, including maintenance and programming of the machine, grinding methods, roasting, and coffee plant cultivation, similar to how a sommelier is familiar with the entire process of winemaking and consumption. A barista can acquire these skills by attending training classes, but they are more commonly learned on the job.

Competition

Formal barista competitions originated in Norway, and one such is the World Barista Championships, held annually at varied international locations. The knowledge sharing at WBC is credited with spreading the beverage espresso and tonic to North America.

See also

Media related to Baristas at Wikimedia Commons

• Sommelier